Irma Lvovna Fadeeva, Chief Researcher of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Historical Sciences, a well-known Russian expert on the history of the Ottoman Empire, Turkey and other countries of the Near and Middle East, passed away on September 14, 2013.

Irma Lvovna was born in October 1938 in the city of Berdichev in Ukraine in the family of a serviceman. In 1963, she graduated from the Eastern Faculty of Leningrad State University with a degree in Turkish History. In 1973, after several years of working in practical organizations, including abroad, she joined the Institute of Slavic Studies and Balkan Studies, and in February 1979 began working at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

In 1978, she defended her PhD thesis on "The Ottoman Empire after the Crimean War and Anglo-Turkish relations in the 50s and 60s of the XIX century", and in 1990-her doctoral dissertation " Official doctrines in the ideology and politics of the Ottoman Empire in the XIX-early XX century. "Ottomanism and Pan-Islamism."

Coming to science rather late, Irma Lvovna managed to do a lot. As an exceptionally conscientious and enthusiastic researcher, she focused not only on the political history of Ottoman Turkey in the 19th and early 20th centuries, Turkey's place in the system of international relations, its ideology and political doctrines, but also on such key and cardinal problems of historical science as the theory of power in the East, the differences between Asian models of political, more broadly, social development differs from European and Western ones.

In 1993, the Nauka publishing house published the main book of I. L. Fadeeva "The Concept of Power in the Middle East", which is distinguished by a pronounced creative character. The author appears in it as a specialist of a broad profile, equally easily operating with material on classical antiquity and later times. Irma Lvovna had a firm and clear view of the issues under discussion, and her work was permeated by the following topics:

confidence in the correctness of their scientific position. Without engaging, as a rule, in direct polemics with specialists who support other views and approaches, I. L. Fadeeva was convincing in substantiating her point of view. This is not the place to pay attention to the essence of disputes between supporters of the special civilizational path of the East and their opponents, but it should be emphasized that I. L. Fadeeva has taken her place in the framework of a broad scientific discussion that has not stopped until now. The book was reissued in 2001 on the initiative of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Nauka Publishing House as a sign of the high quality and great interest in her work.

I. L. Fadeeva devoted a lot of time and effort to the development of another acute and topical scientific topic of radical Islamism and extremism in the Arab-Muslim world. She answered these questions through studying the specifics of Islam as an ideology and nationalism, as another element of official doctrines in Turkey in modern and modern times. Some of her articles in collections and periodicals are devoted to modern processes, and the result of her fundamental research is the monograph " From Empire to the National State. Ideas of the Turkish sociologist Zia Gek Alpa" (Nauka, 2001).

Irma Lvovna was not very sociable. She was left in the care of a seriously ill son at an early age, whom she dearly and faithfully loved for the rest of her life. At the same time, it was characterized by a tendency to participate in the organization of the scientific process. She actively discussed the work of her colleagues and was one of the responsible editors of the book "Features of Modernization in the Muslim East" (1997). At the same time, she was an excellent editor, and she wrote in a well-honed and capacious scientific language.

The last years of her creative life were devoted to an in-depth study of the situation of ethno-religious communities in the Ottoman Empire, from its heyday to its decline. She published a large number of special articles that aroused considerable interest, and the monograph "Jewish Communities in the Ottoman Empire" (2012).

Irma Lvovna's plans included working on the monograph "The Middle East at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries: political and economic features of development". There is no doubt that her appeal to contemporary issues would have enriched the national literature on an extremely relevant topic, but her plans did not come true.

The memory of Irma Lvovna Fadeeva will remain in the hearts of those who knew her difficult life path, and her contribution to science will not go unnoticed by her future historiographers.

FRIENDS AND COLLEAGUES

MAIN SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF I. L. FADEEVA

The Ottoman Empire and Anglo-Turkish relations in the middle of the XIX century. Moscow: IVAN SSSR, GRVL, 1982. 160 p.

Official doctrines in the ideology and politics of the Ottoman Empire (Ottomanism - Pan-Islamism) of the XIX-early XX century. Moscow: GRVL, 1985.271 p.

Ideological and political struggle around the Ottoman Caliphate in the last quarter of the 19th century// Questions of history. 1986. No. 10, pp. 52-60.

On some categories of civilizational development of Western and Eastern societies // Economics and politics. Interrelation and interaction, Moscow, 1990, pp. 39-52.

Islam i kul'turnaya politika pravyashchikh krugov Turkii 60-kh - 80-kh godov XX v. [Islam and cultural policy of the ruling circles of Turkey in the 60s-80s of the XX century].

The concept of power in the Middle East: Medieval and Modern Times, Moscow, 1993, 284 p.

Opposition in the countries of the Middle East: status and Goals / / Islam and Politics, Moscow: IV RAS, Institute for the Study of Israel and the Middle East, 2001, pp. 45-60.

From Empire to the national state: ideas of the Turkish sociologist Zia Gek Alp in the retrospective of the XX century. Moscow: IV RAS, 2001, 216 p.

Islam and political conflict // Russia and the Muslim World, 2002, no. 6, pp. 132-142.

Speeches of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. Ankara, 2005. 732 p.

Avraham Galanti-scientist and politician. 2006. № 40 // www.e-slovo.ru.

Pendulum of political Islam / / Jewish word. 2006. № 35 // www.e-slovo.ru.

K. Marx and F. Engels on the national question. 2008. № 47.

Turkish foreign policy of the second half of the XX century. 2008. №2.

The struggle around the Cremier Decree. 2008. № 11.

Inter-party struggle in Turkey in the second half of the XX century // A Hebrew word. 2009. № 43.

Turkey. Opposition to Islamization and secularism / / Asia and Africa Today. 2009. No. 6. pp. 48-51.

Ethno-religious conflicts in North African countries (Algeria, Tunisia) during the Ottoman rule // A Hebrew word. 2009. № 4.

Problemy turk'skoy vneshnoi politiki kontsa XIX - nachala XXI V. [Problems of Turkish foreign policy in the late 19th and early 21st centuries].

Some facts from the history of the Arab-Israeli conflict of 1967. 2011. № 47.

Jews in the Balkans. The era of Ottoman rule // A Hebrew word. 2011. № 17-18.

Jewish communities in the Ottoman Empire: Pages of History, Moscow: IV RAS, 2012, 400 p.

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