In October 1917, the proletariat of Russia, together with the poorest peasantry under the leadership of the Bolshevik Party headed by V. I. Lenin, carried out the socialist revolution. Its victorious outcome was also largely determined by the masses of soldiers who supported the Bolsheviks during the preparation and conduct of the armed uprising in Petrograd. Crucial to the conquest of Soviet power was the transfer of front and rear troops to the side of the revolution. A huge role in this was played by the activity of Soviets, including soldiers ' Councils, which emerged in Russia after the overthrow of the autocracy everywhere. V. I. Lenin attached great importance to the formation and activity of Soviets. As early as 1905, he considered the Soviet of Workers ' Deputies "as the germ of a provisional revolutionary government." 1 After the February Revolution, when speaking about the creation of Soviets of Workers 'Deputies, he stressed the need to transfer" proletarian organizations to the army... and to the village " 2 .Thus, Lenin envisioned the emergence of not only workers', but also soldiers 'and peasants' Soviets. He believed in their life force and justified this belief: "The Soviets will never die, because they were formed... not on anyone's personal initiative, but at the will of the masses from below. " 3 At the same time, Lenin and the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b) did not advocate the separate existence of Soviets of Workers 'and Soldiers' Deputies, but united Soviets or their unification under appropriate conditions. Many works were written about the Soviets in 1917 .4 This problem is also discussed in the works on the history of the October Revolution 5 . 1 V. I. Lenin. PSS. Vol. 12, p. 63. 2 V. I. Lenin. PSS. Vol. 31, p. 5. 3 V. I. Lenin. PSS. Vol. 35, p. 139. 4 I. I. Mints. Formation of Soviets (February-March 1917). "History of the USSR", 1967, N 1; B. M. Morozov. The Party and Soviets in the October Revolution, Moscow, 1966; A. M. Andreev. S ... Читать далее