The whole world knows the heroic epic of the construction of Magnitogorsk and its metallurgical plant-the famous Magnitogorsk 1 . But not many people know what a long story is hidden behind two short words: "Mount Magnetic". In 1900, D. I. Mendeleev, having made a trip to the mining enterprises of the Urals, wrote: "No one has explored the magnetic mountain, but everyone who has seen it unanimously says that such a huge mass of magnetic ironstone in one mass has never been seen anywhere, and therefore it is necessary to count the reserve here... not by millions, but by billions of pounds. " 2 The appearance of the first mining enterprises in the Urals, the Peasant War under the leadership of E. I. Pugachev, and many other events are connected with Mount Magnitnaya. It is also related to a completely unusual, century-and-a-half-long lawsuit "for the right to own Mount Magnitnaya, it's Atach". Beloretsk is one of the oldest iron-smelting and iron-making centers in the Urals. Here, in the upper reaches of the Belaya River, a metallurgical plant was established in 1762. Its founders were merchants and. Tverdyshev and I. Myasnikov. During the construction of the plant, its owners "bought" 179 thousand dessiatines of land from the Bashkirs, paying for it a third of a penny per tithe! And "the government has assigned to the breeders a monopoly on the richest deposits of ores, including Mount Magnetnaya, which became the raw material base of the Beloretsk plant" 3 . Mount Magnitnaya was located geographically on the lands of the Orenburg Cossack Army. Cossack chieftains, who considered it their property, since 1753 entered into a long dispute with the owners of Beloretsk factories for the right to own this colossal deposit of iron ores. The object of the dispute is a mountain, but what a mountain! The height is 616 meters. It is rich in granites and magnetic ironstone. Founded in 1734, the Orenburg Cossack Army was granted a vast territory of 7.5 million dessiatines in 1755 ... Читать далее