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On January 23, 2006, the Center for Indian Studies of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Embassy of the Kingdom of Nepal in Russia held a scientific conference dedicated to the 130th anniversary of the visit of the outstanding Russian orientalist Ivan P. Minaev to the Kingdom of Nepal. In February 1875, Professor I. P. Minaev of St. Petersburg University became the first Russian person to visit the Himalayan kingdom, which was closed to foreigners at that time. His short stay in Nepal resulted in a number of scientific articles and the chapter " Nepal "in the book" Essays on India and Ceylon " (St. Petersburg, 1878). A valuable collection of written monuments brought by the scientist from Nepal is kept in the State Public Library named after him. Saltykova-Shchedrin in St. Petersburg.

The conference topics included a wide range of issues: the significance of I. P. Minaev's scientific heritage, the study of Buddhism in Russia, and the history and prospects of Russian-Nepalese relations. The meeting was held at the Embassy of Nepal. The conference was attended by representatives of the Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the State Institute of Art Studies, the Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Russian Society for Friendship with Nepal, Nepalese citizens (representatives of business, MADI, MPEI, MARKHI, MISI, RUDN University and other universities, as well as employees of the University of Kathmandu).

Ambassador of the Kingdom of Nepal to the Russian Federation Hiranya Lal Shrestha spoke at the opening of the conference, noting that I. P. Minaev became the founder of Russian Nepalese studies, and at the same time he paved the way for the development of cooperation between our countries. The Ambassador noted that Russian-Nepalese cooperation began to develop rapidly after the establishment of diplomatic relations in July 1956. In the 1990s, both Russia and Nepal embarked on the path of democratization. The need to solve similar problems creates the basis for cooperation between them in a new environment. R. B. Rybakov, Director of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, stressed the importance of modern Orientalists continuing the research areas (Buddhology, source studies, linguistics, history of India, Nepal and other South Asian countries) in which I. P. Minaev worked. T. L. Shaumyan, Head of the Center for Indian Studies of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, spoke about the main stages of I. P. Minaev's scientific biography and gave an assessment of the results of his diverse activities. Speech by the President of the Association of Nepalese Living Abroad and the President of the Organization of Nepalese Entrepreneurs in the CIS CountriesUpendra Mohato's presentation was devoted to achievements and untapped reserves in the field of multi-faceted cooperation (primarily in the economic sphere) between Russia and Nepal.

Report of the Deputy Director. Director of the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences V. M. Alpatov "I. P. Minaev as a linguist" was devoted to a little - known area of research interests of I. P. Minaev-linguistics. In his works, he sought to overcome the disunity of Oriental studies and linguistics. His broad and original approach to linguistics was continued by some of his students. T. N. Zagorodnikova's report "I. P. Minaev and the Military Department of the Russian Empire" presents new materials stored in Russian archives related to the cooperation of the Russian scientist with leading military specialists of Russia in the 70s-80s of the XIX century. A. N. Khokhlov spoke about how his colleagues-orientalists-evaluated I. P. Minaev's scientific activity and personal qualities.

A number of reports were devoted to Buddhist issues. S. B. Namsarayeva presented the report " The new cult of the goddess Saraswati in Buddhist Buryatia (results of field research in 2005)", accompanied by a demonstration-

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walkie-talkie photos of the sacred stone with the uncreated image of the goddess-the object of worship of the nascent cult. The participants noted that the Hindu cult of Saraswati has analogues in the Buddhist pantheon of Nepal and other regions. N. A. Listopadov's report "I. P. Minaev and the study of Buddhism in Nepal" referred to the contribution of Russian Buddhologists to the study of Nepalese Buddhism, represented by two areas: Lamaism and Vajrayana. I. P. Minaev was the first among Russian researchers to note the peculiarities of Nepalese Buddhism, in particular its deep relationship with Hinduism and Tantrism. Dr. Ulak (Nepal) ("Buddhism is a link of cultural and religious exchange between Nepal and Russia") spoke about the growing ties between Buddhist organizations in Nepal and Russia (Moscow, Buryatia, Kalmykia, Tuva). Russian Buddhists, in his opinion, are showing interest in the Buddhist complex being created in Lumbini.

Several reports were devoted to the history and culture of Nepal. T. E. Morozova (Institute of Arts) made a report on the evolution of dafa - a little-studied vocal and choreographic genre of Nepalese musical drama. Yu. I. Drobyshev (Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences) in his report "Sacralization of power in the East (on the example of Central Asia, China and Nepal)" conducted a comparative analysis of common features and differences in the sphere of sacredness of power institutions of traditional societies of three regions of different civilizational affiliation. He believes that common features in the perception of power may be the result of borrowing or genetic proximity of cultures. Based on written and ethnographic sources of the XIX-XX centuries by A. A. Ledkov (Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences) ("On the issue of communal land ownership in Nepal") came to the conclusion about the sustainability of the Nepalese rural community, its ability to adapt to various forms of feudal land ownership and protect itself in the changing conditions of the modern world. Bh report. S. Pokharel (Nepal) in his report put forward and justified the assumption that Nepal is the birthplace of the pagoda temple style, which is common in many Asian countries.

A number of reports were devoted to the history and prospects of development of various areas of Russian-Nepalese relations. K. P. Shrestha (IB RAS) made a report "Message to the Russian people from the Rajah of the Principality of Bajhang J. B. Sinha", in which, based on previously unpublished documents, he highlighted the activities of a Nepalese writer and educator of the first half of the XX century. visit Soviet Russia and learn about the origins of Russian culture and philosophy. Yu. N. Khaliullin, Vice-President of the Russian Society for Friendship and Cooperation with Nepal (MFA of the Russian Federation), made a presentation on "People's diplomacy in Russian-Nepalese relations", in which he shared his memories of his diplomatic work in Nepal, as well as about personalities who played a significant role in the development of relations between our countries: for example, Nepalese businessman, native of Odessa, Boris Lisanevich and prominent Soviet Nepalologist I. B. Redko, who headed the USSR - Nepal Friendship Society. Presentations by K. P. Rijal, D. Lamichhane and K. Khatri (all from Nepal) focused on the state and prospects of trade and economic relations between Nepal and Russia. Fyodorov (a participant of several ascents in the Nepalese Himalayas) and P. S. Pradhan (Nepal), a participant of ascents to the mountain peaks of the Caucasus and Pamirs, presented reports on cooperation between Soviet / Russian and Nepalese climbers and on joint research projects in the field of mountaineering medicine. G. P. Pokharela and G. Sherpa (both from Nepal) presented their reports on the prospects of developing cooperation in the field of developing Nepal's richest hydroelectric potential, and M. K. Shrestha and Sh. Yadava (oba-Nepal), in the field of tourism-report by D. Khatri (University of Kathmandu, Nepal).

Finally, it was suggested that regular conferences on Nepalese topics should be held in the future in an expanded format.

The conference was widely covered in the Nepalese press. Information about her was posted on a Nepalese website freenepal.com

A. A. LEDKOV

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On February 6, 2006, a presentation of books by the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences and a discussion on "The role of religion and religious ideology in the Near and Middle East" were held.

The presentation-debate was attended by about 100 people. Among them were representatives of a number of state and practical organizations (the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, etc.), academic institutions (IMEMO, the Institute of Europe, the Institute of Philosophy, INION, etc.), leading universities and research centers (MGIMO, the Diplomatic Academy, the Institute of Asian and African Countries at Moscow State University, the Military Academy The Institute of Military History, the Higher School of Economics, the Institute of the Middle East, the Russian Institute for Strategic Studies, etc.), as well as representatives of the mass media (Radio of Russia, RIA Novosti, a number of newspapers and magazines).

Opening the meeting, Director of the Institute R. B. Rybakov noted the significance of the event, its exceptional relevance and emphasized the great interest shown in the event.

At the beginning of the meeting, there was a presentation of five books prepared by the Department of Near and Middle East Countries, the Center for Arab Studies, the Israel Department, the Department of Comparative Theoretical Studies: "Islam and social development at the beginning of the XXI century "(Moscow, 2005), Z. I. Levin "Reform in Islam: to be or not to be" (Moscow, 2005). 2005), " Arabia Vitalis. Arab East, Islam, ancient Arabia "(Moscow, 2005)," Islam in the modern East "(Moscow, 2004), I. D. Zvyagelskaya, T. A. Karasova, A.V. Fedorchenko" The State in Israel " (Moscow, 2005).

Some other books published at the Institute of Islamic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the problems of Islam and the countries of the Near and Middle East were also presented. Most of them, having received the approval of the Publishing Commission of the Academic Council, were prepared for publication and published by the Scientific and Publishing Department of the Institute. The head of this department, Yu. V. Chudodeev, thanked the Institute of the Middle East and the Kraft +publishing House for their cooperation in publishing books.

When discussing the issue of political Islam and Islamism, R. G. Landa and Z. I. Levin, employees of the Institute of Islamic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, made brief presentations. They noted that the concepts under consideration should not be equated, but the difference between moderate and radical Islamism should be taken into account. R. G. Landa emphasized the role of socio-economic factors (poverty, unemployment) in the spread of radical Islamist movements. Z. I. Levin noted the need for internal (among Islamic theologians) discourse to overcome radical trends and trends.

L. I. Medvedko (IB RAS), G. I. Mirsksh (IMEMO RAS), and E. Y. Satanovsky, President of the Middle East Institute, took part in the discussion of the reports. L. I. Medvedko drew attention to the military component in the situation faced by the world in connection with the rise of Islamic radicalism. G. I. Mirsky emphasized the differences between Islam and Islamism, as well as international Islamist extremism that uses terror to achieve its political goals. E. Ya. Satanovsky spoke about the challenges facing Russia in connection with the difficult situation in the Middle East and the radicalization of socio-political processes taking place in the world.

The representative of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ambassador-at-Large Vladimir Popov, highly appreciated the importance of theoretical research conducted at the Institute of Oriental Studies and other Centers of Oriental Studies for the practical work of diplomats, and called for the development of joint project plans for the preparation of books and collections of articles devoted to the historical role of Russia in establishing a dialogue between Christianity and Islam, as well as positive experience co-existence of different civilizations and cultures in modern Russia.

T. A. Karasova, Head of the Israel Department, and Deputy Head of the EID Center for Arab Studies, made presentations on the following two topics of the debate - the role of religion in Israel and its impact on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. Zvyagelskaya Street. They focused on the escalating situation in the conflict zone caused by the victory of Hamas in the elections to the representative bodies of the Palestinian Authority and the political crisis in Israel. T. A. Karasova noted that if not for the victory of Hamas, moderate forces would most likely have won the elections to the Israeli Knesset. After the Palestinian elections, the situation has become more complicated, although most in Israel expect a fruitful dialogue with Islamic radicals in the hope that they will abandon the extremes in their ideology and political position.

V. Ya. Belokrenitsky (Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences) made a brief report on another controversial issue - the role of democracy in the transforming traditional society in the Near and Middle East. He has a cataract-

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He described the current state of society in the BSW countries as transitive, caused, among other things, by changes in the economy (deaggrarization and servicization, development of the service sector) and culture (increased literacy, increased information openness). The "demographic explosion" has been replaced by stabilization, which in the next 10 to 20 years may lead to a decrease in the so - called youth hump (a disproportionately high proportion of young people in the population) and cause corresponding shifts in the political sphere, making it more favorable for some of the general, fundamental aspects of democracy.

K. M. Truevtsev (Higher School of Economics) and V. N. Moskalenko and VT. Korgun K. M. Truevtsev dwelled on some theoretical developments, in particular on the theory of controlled chaos, which are used to describe the current processes in the area of BSV. V. N. Moskalenko stressed that the role of democracy in Muslim states today cannot be belittled. Pro-Islamic forces, having come to power in a democratic way, demonstrate the ability to cope with the tasks of state administration quite effectively. As an example, he referred to the functioning of the Islamist government in one of the provinces of Pakistan. V. G. Korgun supported this point of view, expressing his conviction that it is possible to find points of interaction with extreme Islamists, in particular with Hamas.

NUSANTARA SOCIETY

October 16, 2005 The Nusantara Society held a meeting on a broad topic covering the entire region of the Malay world - from Madagascar to Indonesia and the Philippines.

Associate Professor of the ISAA at Moscow State University L. A. Kartashova shared her impressions about her trip to the Malagasy Republic. A major expert on the Malagasy language, author of the Malagasy-Russian dictionary, a well-known expert on this region, holder of the highest state award of the Malagasy Republic for her contribution to the study of the state language of this country, L. A. Kartashova spoke about the socio-political and cultural life of Madagascar. In particular, she noted that the country is currently going through a difficult path of transformation and reforms, although the underdevelopment of the economy and modern infrastructure still prevents, for example, to establish ecotourism, which could become a good source of income.

V. F. Urlyapov, an employee of the Institute of Information Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, made a report on the international conference on Indonesian studies held in Jakarta in 2005, in which he participated. The audience also listened with great interest to his story about everyday life in Indonesia after a series of terrorist attacks in Bali and in the capital.

M. V. Stanyukovich, an employee of the Kunstkamera and a teacher of the Faculty of Oriental Studies at OZHSU, introduced the gathered orientalists to Filipino studies in St. Petersburg, in particular, how the teaching of Tagalog and tagalog is organized there, and how St. Petersburg Filipinists are preparing to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between our country and the Republic of the Philippines in 2006. Her Moscow colleagues-Filipinists from the ISAA-suggested celebrating this date with joint events at Moscow State University and St. Petersburg State University.

* * *

On October 21, a round table was held on the topic "Malays in the aspect of cultural studies and problems of Malay-Indonesian lexicography (dedicated to the 80th anniversary of R.N. Korigodsky)". The experts were: N. F. Alieva (IB RAS), T. V. Dorofeeva (ISAA), V. V. Sikorsky (VKII MFA), A. S. Teselkin (Vostochny University). Chairman of the Management Board of Nusantara V. V. Sikorsky outlined the issues of the round table. The two-volume Indonesian-Russian dictionary, the fruit of many years of work by a team of lexicographers edited by R. N. Korigodsky, is not only known to every Indonesianist and Malaist in our country, but is also, without exaggeration, a reference book for students, teachers, researchers and practitioners. When compiling the dictionary, the authors faced an urgent theoretical problem about the framework of language identity, namely: whether to consider Indonesian and Malay / Malaysian as one linguistic phenomenon (language) - and then include the specifics of both in the dictionary, or to consider them as different languages - and then limit themselves only to the vocabulary of one language, Indonesian. As you know, the Indonesian language grew up on the basis of two branches of Malay - school written and spoken (low Malay) - that existed in the Dutch colony that later became independent Indonesia. Originally there were differences between Malay in

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In Malaya, then Malaysia, over time, everything accumulates and increases (however, so far only complicating, but not excluding mutual understanding) and creates not only a theoretical problem, but also practical difficulties, including in lexicography. R.N. Korigodsky, who then took the floor, spoke about the difficult history of creating a dictionary, which took 28 years of his life to prepare, and about his idea of creating a common dictionary of Indonesian-Malaysian vocabulary, which unfortunately was not implemented.

Speakers were divided in their opinions. Some (N. F. Alieva, A. S. Teselkin) agreed with the opinion of the dictionary's editor-in-chief that the Indonesian and Malaysian languages are one linguistic phenomenon and that the idea of a single dictionary is quite justified; others (T. V. Dorofeeva and V. V. Sikorsky) insisted that the difference in vocabulary is already so great that it is not possible to use a single dictionary. that it cannot be reflected in one general dictionary without bothering the user with the dictionary. As a result of the discussion, a general opinion was developed that: 1) the theoretical dispute about the status of languages (or language) cannot be resolved at the present time; 2) the existence of a (hypothetical) common dictionary would be appropriate for academic purposes, whereas in practice it is more convenient to use separate dictionaries of Indonesian and Malaysian languages.

All those present warmly congratulated the hero of the day on such a venerable date and expressed their best wishes to him.

* * *

On November 16, the Nusantara Center in ISAA at Moscow State University was visited by the well-known Indonesian Malaists spouses V. I. Braginsky and S. S. Kuznetsova, ISAA graduates now living in London, who spoke about the current state of nusantaristics in the UK.

V. I. Braginsky, Professor of Malay Literature at the London School of Asian and African Studies, shared his experience of teaching classical Malay literature at the University of London and noted the differences in the university education system here and there. In particular, he positively assessed the principle of studying elective courses by students, as opposed to being strictly tied to a given set of academic subjects provided for in the curriculum in our country. The speaker, who works fruitfully as a researcher and is the author of numerous works, presented two of his latest books to the center as a gift. This is a solid volume (co-authored with E. M. Diakonova) devoted to the image of Russia in the Nusantara countries, and an anthology of articles by venerable Malay scholars who have ever worked at the London School. Their articles were published in the school's bulletins at various times and are not readily available in our country. The anthology contains a solid foreword by V. I. Braginsky with an analysis of the contribution of British scientists to the world of Malay studies. Sadly, the donor of the book said that this is, in fact, a requiem for the once powerful Malaist science in England, since the fading interest of the younger generation in purely academic research is clearly noticeable, even, as he put it, in the UK, which was once so famous for its cohort of brilliant scientists.

S. S. Kuznetsova's speech did not give any optimism in assessing the prospects of nusantaristics. According to her, she is the only one who does Javanese studies in London, and as a 'free-lancer'. She continues there the research of Javanese historiography, namely the chronicles, or babads, which was started in Russia, publishing numerous articles in various collections, including Nusantar ones, published in Russian in Moscow.

The participants congratulated the academic couple, our former compatriots, on their recent 60th anniversaries and wished them further scientific success, which will also serve the glory of Russian Mala studies.

* * *

K. Muradov, a recent graduate of ISAA

(now an employee of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation), became the winner of the international essay contest organized on the occasion of the APEC Forum in Busan (South Korea) in November 2005. The jury of the contest, for which 93 works were submitted, awarded first place to K. Y. Muradov for his English-language essay " APEC: quo vadis?", noted the "uniqueness and logic" of the author's approach to solving the development problems of this international organization. At the award ceremony held during the forum, K. Y. Muradov, who had just successfully defended his PhD thesis on the economic integration of the ASEAN member countries at ISAA in October, thanked the jury for the high assessment of his essay, which, according to him, gave him a good opportunity to present his vision of the goals and prospects for the development of this organization. an international organization. Second

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Ang Pin Kuan from Singapore was awarded a place in the competition.

* * *

On January 26, 2006, Associate Professor of the Department of Southeast Asian History M. Y. Ulyanov introduced the participants of the Malay-Indonesian readings regularly held by the Nusantara Society to his new research related to the relationship between China and the island world of Nusantara in the early historical era. His report was titled " A Brief Description of Wang Dayuan's Island Barbarians (1349) as a source for the History of Nusantara." M. Y. Ulyanov, who has long been engaged in studying ancient Chinese sources on the history of Nusantara [see, for example, his PhD thesis on the monument of the XIII century. Zhao Zhugua, and solid work: Zhou Qu-fei. Beyond The Ridges. Instead of answers (Lin wai dai da) / Trans. with kit., introduction., comment. Ulyanova, Moscow: Vostochnaya litra RAS, 2001. Ser.: Monuments of Oriental Writing CXXXI], reported that he is currently working on the translation and research of the author's historical monument next in time to Zhao Zhugua, which is a century away from him, and belongs to the pen of Wang Dayuan. The researcher's interest lies in three dimensions: how the geographical representations of the ancient Chinese about the island world changed; comparison of data on Nusantara by two authors separated by a century, and details of the description of two Nusantara centers of the XIV century - Malay (Sumatra, Srivi-Jaya) and Javanese (Mataram and Kediri) by Wang Dayuan. Comparison of the data of the 14th-century monument with earlier ones clearly indicates that in the minds of the Chinese, there was a transition from a schematic and point-based perception of Nusantara as "two coasts" (south Indochina and Malacca, on the one hand, and Sumatra and Java, on the other) to a more spatial one (a zigzag route). The island world is described more broadly by Wang, including more toponyms and small islands in Eastern Indonesia than by Zhao. The researcher noted some common stereotypes in the perception of the local population ("island barbarians") by the ancient Chinese and, in his opinion, irrefutable data confirming the idea that by the 15th century China had acquired the role of a geopolitical center that decided the fate of countries and peoples throughout Nusantara. As for Wang Dayuan's descriptions of two traditionally opposing centers, Malay and Javanese, he believes that they reflect a change in historical reality, namely the loss of Srivijaya's political influence in the 14th century.

T. V. DOROFEEVA

Kazan

The scientific conference "Modern Middle East in the context of globalization" was held at Kazan State University on November 1-2, 2005.

The conference was opened by D. G. Zainullin, Director of the Institute of Oriental Studies of KSU. He spoke about the long-standing traditions in the work of Kazan Orientalists in studying the Middle East, both the region and individual countries included in it, their history, literature, political and socio-economic problems.

V. I. Gusarov (Institute of Africa of the Russian Academy of Sciences) spoke about the Middle East in the context of globalization. The speaker shared his thoughts on possible prospects for further development of the countries of this region.

He also noted that the World Economic Forum (WEF), which was held in Jordan in May 2005, gave a high priority to the development of the Middle East countries in the context of globalization. Speaking at the event, Jordan's Minister of Planning and International Cooperation B. Awadallah announced the completion of work on the overall program of transformation in the Arab world up to 2010, which was developed by a group of 20 well-known Arab scientists and experts. This plan provides, in particular, for structural administrative and economic reforms and modernization of the education system.

The Minister of Economy and Planning of the United Arab Emirates, L. al-Qasimi, expressing her attitude to this plan, said that the Arabs are unlikely to be able to "catch up with the train of globalization of the world economy" within five years. In order to achieve 7% GDP growth (i.e. twice the average natural population growth rate in the Arab world), she said, "painful reforms are needed that are difficult to implement."-

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live even in the most favorable time in the most favorable place." Israeli Foreign Minister Salom, in particular, noted that Israel "will be much easier to make progress on political issues as soon as it feels that it has normal economic relations with the Arab world." He cited several positive examples of cooperation in the region, such as the implementation of joint projects under the free trade agreement between the United States, on the one hand, and Israel, Egypt and Jordan, on the other, which allows the latter to export their products to the United States on a duty - free basis. He also stressed that Israel is committed to normalizing relations with Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco and engaging with the Gulf states, with which it has no territorial disputes.

R. Y. Akhmadiyev (KSU) focused on the activities of inter-Arab state organizations and government mixed companies. Many of them have been operating for several decades with varying success. Their role increases, decreases, or even reduces to zero. But it is these organizations and companies that actually act as the driving belts of the globalization process. The speaker noted that the number of inter-Arab organizations and companies is constantly increasing. Among the largest and most significant is the inter - Arab parliament for the transition period, the decision to create which was made at the summit of the League of Arab States (LAS) in Algeria in March 2005. Each Arab country will appoint four representatives to this Parliament. They will have to work on forming a permanent parliament by holding elections. Until 2010, the new body will have the status of a transitional parliament. During this time, all mechanisms for making and implementing its decisions should be worked out.

The inter-Arab Parliament will be responsible for security issues "in the light of challenges and threats faced by Arab countries", as well as the human rights situation in the Arab East. Decisions on the agenda of meetings will be made by the Parliament on the basis of consensus, with the exception of "old issues", when a simple majority of votes on procedural issues and two-thirds on key issues will be sufficient. According to Arab League Secretary General Amr Moussa, the new inter-Arab body, modeled on the European Parliament, "has the right to discuss and vote on topical issues and issues put on the agenda of Arab summits." The first Speaker of the inter-Arab Parliament was elected Kuwaiti MP, head of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the National Assembly of Kuwait Mohammed Jasem al-Saqr. (The first session of the inter-Arab Parliament was held in Cairo on December 28-29, 2005 ,with 88 deputies, 4 from each of the 22 Arab League countries, participating.)

The speaker noted that this inter-Arab parliament cannot yet be called a legislative body in the full sense of the word, since it will have the right of limited initiative, and its decisions will be only advisory in nature. When the inter-Arab parliament becomes a permanent body, it will relocate to Damascus.

Several participants made brief presentations and comments on the two reports in the debate.

In the second part of the conference, the participants ' attention was drawn to the problems of cooperation between the Middle East and Russia. A. Z. Yegorin (IB RAS) in his report "Opportunities of the Arab world and Russia and prospects for their cooperation in the context of globalization" focused on three components of this topic: international aspects, the internal situation in the Middle East region, and Russia's relations with individual countries. At the international level, according to the speaker, the Arab world and Russia face enormous pressure not only from the United States, which has assumed the right to manage world processes in accordance with its own interests, but also from other international "centers of power", such as the European Union, China, and India, which often resort in their policy to the following methods: "double standards", "carrot and stick", veiled rejection of previously agreed decisions, or even openly flouting the norms of international law (the example of Iraq and Afghanistan), which clearly increases, rather than eases, international tensions.

The Arab world, according to A. Z. Egorin, is concerned about at least two relapses of the globalization epidemic. First, the Arabs are still divided, while both the West, especially Europe, and the East, especially China and India, have focused their efforts not on centrifugal processes, but on centripetal processes and ensuring internal consolidation. Secondly, the Arabs are even more,

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more than in the days of a bipolar world, they feel pressure from outside. The West is trying almost by force to "instill democracy" in the Arabs, which is especially characteristic of the actions of the United States, which is trying to impose the project of the "Greater Middle East", for which many authoritarian regimes in the region are clearly not ready.

The speaker paid special attention to the political, rather than forceful unblocking of regional problems, such as the Arab-Israeli conflict or the coexistence of Arabs and Israel, recognizing it as an equal partner in the fight against economic, social, ethnic, religious and other Middle Eastern "ulcers that form the basis of extremism". Today's Egypt, which has long been reconciled with Israel, which gave it additional incentives to increase its influence in the region.

According to the speaker, both the Arab world and Russia were unprepared for the growing globalization of the main international processes. Once upon a time, the Arabs were comfortable sheltering from Western threats under the Soviet nuclear umbrella. Now they are clearly confused, and modern Russia has lost many positions in the international arena to its geostrategic opponents. The current situation, according to A. Z. Yegorin, pushes both the Arabs and Russia towards rapprochement, makes them once again return to the history of relations, and they have never been overshadowed by anything. And, of course, to the experience of the USSR, which made a positive contribution to strengthening ties with the Arab world.

According to A. Z. Yegorin, Russia needs to revive and develop relations with Arab countries both at the international and regional levels,as well as with each individual Arab country. In politics , this means putting forward new joint peacekeeping initiatives. In the economy - restoring the former cooperation, encouraging integration processes and military-technical cooperation. In the cultural sphere, we regularly hold Russian-Arab conferences and dialogues, which were once practiced by our non-governmental organizations (the Solidarity Committee, Friendship Societies). In 2003-2005, such colloquiums were already held in Moscow, Tunis, Beirut, Tripoli (Libya), Damascus, and Cairo. In general, according to A. Z. Yegorin, the opportunities of the Arab world and Russia in the context of globalization have not really been revealed yet, if we take into account their huge political, economic and cultural potential.

At the suggestion of A. Z. Yegorin, the students who attended the conference were invited to prepare written express reports on the topic "The image of Russia in the modern Arab world" with their acceptance as academic papers and subsequent publication. 28 students who submitted their essays responded to the call. Here are some excerpts from them.

A. Khusnullina (KSU). In the eyes of the Arab world, Russia has always been a country that protects their interests. At least until 1991. But after 1991, various events negatively affected Russia's policy in this region. Nevertheless, the positive image of Russia in the Arab countries continues to persist. However, this situation may change for the worse if Russia does not start an active foreign policy in the Arab world.

V. Galieva (KSU). Now the Russian Federation has largely lost its credibility in the eyes of the Arab world due to the flywheel of global globalization that has gained momentum. Russia is not in a position to provide large-scale assistance to the East. Russia needs to support the Arab world economically: increase trade turnover from at least 1% to 30%, and develop a joint oil policy.

D. Molokova (KSU). For the Arab world, the prospect of restoring large-scale relations with Russia depends on how our country will participate in the Middle East peace process, while other aspects of relations are very derivative. At the same time, the image of Russia in the Arab world cannot be conceived without recognizing the fundamental importance of the free and equal development of all the peoples and faiths inhabiting our country.

R. Gubaidullina (KSU). Russia and the Arab world have hope for building a mutually acceptable future if a new solid foundation is created for this.

At the end of the conference participants ' presentations and presentations, a lively discussion unfolded, sometimes even going beyond the scope of the announced topic.

D. G. Zainullin summed up the results of the conference. He noted the undoubted contribution of all the speakers to the development of Russian Oriental studies.

V. I. GUSAROV

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ZHELEZNOGORSK

On March 1-3, 2006, the Zheleznogorsk branch of the Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V. P. Astafyev hosted the first scientific and methodological seminar "Teaching the history of Asian countries in secondary and higher schools in Russia: historical experience and modern problems", prepared by the organizing committee under the leadership of the President of the International educational Corporation "Economics of Knowledge", Director of the branch N. N.. Noskova, Head of the Department of Oriental Studies V. G. Datsyshen. The seminar was attended by about 50 people from various educational institutions and organizations in Krasnoyarsk, Zheleznogorsk, Novosibirsk, Barnaul and Blagoveshchensk.

A number of factors made the workshop necessary. In modern historiography, the history of Asian countries as an integral part of universal history is poorly represented both in terms of content and in terms of conceptual and methodological aspects. These shortcomings are particularly pronounced in the Russian educational literature, which does not take into account the latest achievements of Russian Oriental studies. As a result, graduates of secondary and higher educational institutions in Russia have an extremely distorted view of world history, and they have little knowledge of the history and culture of the peoples of Asian countries. Despite the fact that the history of Asian countries courses for secondary and higher schools are not sufficiently developed, they are present in various forms in the curriculum. Experienced teachers are forced to develop their own courses on their own, which partly contradicts the principles of continuity, universality and uniformity of education. At the present stage, there is a great need to coordinate the efforts of specialists, in the collective work of the scientific and pedagogical community to improve the teaching of the history of Asian countries in domestic schools. To date, there is no generally recognized Siberian center for Oriental studies, and there is no coordination of scientific and pedagogical activities in this area between universities and scientific schools in Siberia. Krasnoyarsk, being "equidistant" from the well-known centers of historical science and Oriental studies-Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Barnaul and Irkutsk, can become one of the regional centers of scientific and methodological support for the development of historical and Oriental education in the East of Russia. The idea of holding this scientific and methodological seminar was supported by historians-orientalists from various educational institutions and research centers in Novosibirsk, Tomsk, Omsk, Barnaul, Kyzyl, Irkutsk, Blagoveshchensk, Vladivostok.

Representatives of two of the largest and most authoritative schools of Oriental studies in Siberia - Altai and Novosibirsk State Universities-set the tone for the seminar. The participants of the seminar were very interested in the report of the Head of the Department of Oriental Studies of Altai State University V. A. Moiseev, devoted to the problems of the formation and development of Oriental studies in the Altai Territory. Based on the experience and regional traditions of Russian and Soviet Oriental studies, two research laboratories and a department of Oriental studies were opened in Barnaul in the 1990s, focused on the study of countries and regions of Asia neighboring Western Siberia. V. A. Moiseev analyzed the problems of the content and organization of Oriental education in the region at the present stage, outlined the prospects for its further development. The laboratory "Russia and the East" of Barnaul State Pedagogical University was represented by the head of the Department of General History V. A. Barmin and V. S. Boyko. V. A. Barmin's report was devoted to the problems of humanitarization and national peculiarities of historical education in the Siberian region. Complex problems of organization and content of teaching the history of Asian countries were considered by V. S. Boyko in the report "Oriental studies as an educational and scientific discipline in the conditions of a pedagogical university in Asian Russia". The Novosibirsk Center for Oriental Studies was represented at the seminar by well-known sinologists S. A. Komisarov, St. Alkin, and Yu. A. Azarenko.

S. V. Alkin, who has many years of experience in cooperation with all regional centers of Oriental studies in the East of Russia, made a presentation on "Problems and prospects of teaching Korean studies at NSU", focusing the audience's attention on the importance and prospects of this new direction in Siberian Oriental studies. The seminar participants were very interested in the joint report of S. A. Komisarov and Yu. A. Azarenko "The importance of regional history courses in the training of Sinologists (on the example of the course "History and Culture of Tibet")". One of the founders of modern Oriental studies in Blagoveshchensk, Associate Professor of the Department of Sinology of the Amur State University-

page 180

Oleg Timofeev presented to the participants of the seminar his program of the training course for students "China's Foreign Policy". The report of O. V. Zalesskaya, Head of the Department of Chinese Studies at Blagoveshchensk State Pedagogical University, was devoted to the problem of organizing independent work of students in the study of elective subjects. The experience of additional Chinese studies education outside the framework of formal educational structures was summarized in the speech of the chairman of the public organization "Shao-lin", Associate Professor of the Department of Oriental Studies of the Zheleznogorsk branch of KSPU A. M. Kovgan, who practices interactive training of students in China. In the report of the Head of the Department of General History of Krasnoyarsk State University and the Department of Oriental Studies of the Zheleznogorsk branch of Krasnoyarsk State University V. G. Datsyshen, the problems of the chronological framework and content of the training course for students of historical faculties "New History of Asian and African countries"were considered.

In addition to the speakers, Professor of KSU VT took part in the discussion within the framework of the round table "Problems of the content of historical and Oriental studies education". Vasiliev, Dean of the Faculty of Foreign Languages of the Zheleznogorsk branch of KSPU F. N. Denisenko, Associate Professor of the Department of General History of KSPU D. V. Grigoriev, teachers of the Department of Advanced Educational Technologies of the Zheleznogorsk branch of KSPU, teachers of the Department of Oriental Languages of KSU, postgraduates of the Department of General History of KSPU, students of the Faculty of Modern Foreign Languages of KSU, students of the Japanese language with gifted children "School of Cosmonautics", teachers of schools of the Krasnoyarsk territory. The main issue that was discussed was the problem of developing common curricula for Siberian universities in historical and Oriental studies.

Participants of the seminar discussed the problems of development of Oriental studies education with the Rector of KSPU N. I. Drozdov and Vice-rector for Science and International Relations V. R. Mayer.

The guests visited the History Department of Krasnoyarsk State University, one of the oldest in Siberia, the first center of Oriental studies in Central Siberia - the Department of Oriental Languages of the Faculty of Modern Foreign Languages of Krasnoyarsk State University, promising centers of Siberian Oriental studies - the Faculty of History and Philosophy of Krasnoyarsk State University and the Department of Oriental Studies of the Zheleznogorsk branch of Krasnoyarsk State University, as well as the largest repositories of historical documents - the State Archive of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and Krasnoyarsk Regional Museum of Local Lore.

Upon completion of the work, the participants of the scientific and methodological seminar summed up the results of this event and confirmed the need to improve the content, methods and principles of teaching Asian history in secondary and higher schools in Russia. The seminar participants noted the importance of close cooperation in this area between all scientific and educational centers of Siberia and the Far East. It was considered expedient to make the scientific and methodological seminar on the problems of teaching Asian history an annual one, and to attract colleagues from other regions of Russia and specialists from other countries to participate in it. The main topic for discussion at the next seminar was the problem of terminology and conceptual apparatus in training courses on the history of Asian countries. The collection of materials of the first scientific and methodological seminar "Teaching the history of Asian countries in secondary and higher schools in Russia: historical experience and modern problems" was published by the beginning of the seminar.

V. G. DATSYSHEN


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